From rxpgnews.com
HIV drugs, Abacavir and Didanosine increase the risk of heart attack
By University of Copenhagen,
Feb 8, 2008 - 4:24:37 AM
A study to assess the adverse effects of anti-retroviral drugs
shows that two widely-used HIV drugs are associated with
an increased risk of heart attack/the formation of blood clots in
the heart. With the use of Didanosine, the risk of developing a
heart attack increases by 49%, with Abacavir; the increased risk
is 90%. The effect is most pronounced in patients with a high
underlying cardiovascular risk. The research findings also show
that the adverse effect is reversible, if patients discontinue use
of these particular drugs.
The scientists who conducted the study recommend that patients
on Abacavir or Didanosine should evaluate their underlying
cardiovascular risk with their doctor and discuss whether any
changes to their drug regime are warranted. The scientists
strongly urge HIV patients not to stop taking Abacavir or
Didanosine, before they have consulted their doctor.
Since the study began in 1999, D:A:D (the Data Collection of Adverse
effects of Anti-HIV Drugs Study) has examined the side-effects of
anti-retroviral drugs, including a possible increase in the risk of heart
attack. Recent analysis has focused on a class of drugs, not previously
examined, known as the nucleoside analogues, which inhibit the HIV
virus by preventing it from multiplying. This class of drugs includes Stavudine, Zidovudine, Lamivudine, Abacavir and Didanosine. Only the last two drugs in the analysis were shown to have an adverse effect with respect to heart disease.
The side-effects associated with Didanosine and Abacavir are, naturally, most significant for HIV-infected patients who already have a high underlying cardiovascular risk. The drug effect increases an individual persons underlying risk by a factor
of 1.9 for a person on Abacavir, and 1.49 for a person on Didanosine. For a person with a low underlying risk, this increase in risk is still negligible, but for someone with a high
underlying risk, this could have serious consequences. The study shows, however, that the risk of heart attack is removed once patients stop taking the drugs. This seems to be the case, regardless of
how long these drugs have been used by patients.
The D:A:D study involves over 33,000 patients from Europe, Australia and Asia. The study evaluates the incidence of heart attack among HIV-infected patients undergoing anti-retroviral treatment, and thereby enables scientists to determine whether side-effects of the anti-retroviral drugs, including cardiovascular disease, are increased in the long-term.
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