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A simple blood test to detect rare lysosomal storage disorders disorders
Mar 30, 2006, 15:12, Reviewed by: Dr. Priya Saxena
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The methodology by them isn't very complicated and should be quite cheap, researchers said. The group estimates that a single machine should be able to process 85,000 screenings a year.
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By IANS,
Scientists have devised a simple blood test that they say can detect rare disorders.
Franti�ek Turecek and other researchers at the University of Washington in Seattle devised the test for progressive genetic diseases known as 'lysosomal storage disorders', reported the online edition of Nature.
These disorders can cause symptoms ranging from gross enlargement of the liver to mental retardation. Some 40-50 of the disorders are known, and in total they affect one in 5,000 people. Gaucher disease, one of the more common afflictions, affects a little more than one in 1,000 Ashkenazi Jews.
The researchers say their screening method can now detect seven of these diseases. Cambridge-based company Genzyme, which sells treatments for three of the diseases, hopes to see the screen made a routine part of newborn testing.
Lysosomes are small compartments within cells that help to recycle waste cellular material within the body. Enzymes within the lysosomes do this job by breaking up waste materials into smaller pieces.
If one of these enzymes is not functioning, usually because of a problem in the gene that codes for it, then the breakdown stops and half-digested matter clogs up the cell with disastrous consequences.
Newborn babies with these diseases can be healthy, because there has been little time for this material to build up. Blood tests are available for cases where lysosomal diseases are suspected.
But doctors are keen to find a way to diagnose the disorders before problems begin so that treatment, if it exists for the specific condition, can start early.
'Once you get damage, there is no way back,' say Turecek. 'Either you get going on treatment early, or you can die. And it is not a good death.'
The methodology by them isn't very complicated and should be quite cheap, researchers said. The group estimates that a single machine should be able to process 85,000 screenings a year.
This would be enough to cover the state of Washington, for example. A screening which could look for up to 20 different enzymes at a time should cost as little as five cents after the purchase of a suitable mass spectrometer, they say. 
- Indo Asian News Service
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