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Last Updated: Apr 11, 2008 - 9:30:14 AM |
Healthcare
Resistant super bugs defeat doctors
New York, April 1 - Drug-resistant super bugs have foreclosed treatment options for critically ill patients and forced doctors to prescribe medicines banned 20 years ago because of severe side effects.
Apr 11, 2008 - 2:23:33 PM
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Latest Research
UT-ORNL and UCSD researchers find promise in HIV 'switch'
KNOXVILLE -- If the battle against HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is a chess match, then new research published today gives new insight into one of the virus' most important moves.
Mar 16, 2008 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Scientists say tropics are next emerging disease hotspot
Scientists from four well-known institutions say the next major disease like HIV/AIDS or SARS could occur in any of a number of developing countries concentrated along the equator. They encourage increased surveillance to prevent the spread of a potential outbreak.
Mar 13, 2008 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Novel mathematical model predicts new wave of drug-resistant HIV infections in San Francisco
A mathematical model shows that a new wave of drug-resistant HIV is rising among among men in San Francisco who have sex with men and that this trend will continue over the next few years, according to a new study from the UCLA AIDS Institute.
Feb 17, 2008 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Enzyme structure reveals new drug targets for cancer and other diseases
If the genome is the parts list of the human cell, certain proteins are the production managers, activating and deactivating genes as needed. Scientists funded by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), part of the National Institutes of Health, now have a clearer understanding of how a key protein controls gene activity and how mutations in the protein may cause disease. The work could provide new avenues to design drugs aimed at cancer, diabetes, HIV, and heart disease.
Feb 14, 2008 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV persists in the gut despite long-term HIV therapy
Even with effective anti-HIV therapies, doctors still have not been able to eradicate the virus from infected individuals who are receiving such treatments, largely because of the persistence of HIV in hideouts known as viral reservoirs. One important reservoir is the gut, where HIV causes much of its damage due to the large number of HIV target cells that reside there. These cells, known as CD4+ T cells, are largely contained in lymph nodes and patches of lymphocytes that collectively are called gut-associated lymphoid tissue, or GALT.
Feb 13, 2008 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV drugs, Abacavir and Didanosine increase the risk of heart attack
A study to assess the adverse effects of anti-retroviral drugs
shows that two widely-used HIV drugs are associated with
an increased risk of heart attack/the formation of blood clots in
the heart. With the use of Didanosine, the risk of developing a
heart attack increases by 49%, with Abacavir; the increased risk
is 90%. The effect is most pronounced in patients with a high
underlying cardiovascular risk. The research findings also show
that the adverse effect is reversible, if patients discontinue use of these particular drugs.
Feb 8, 2008 - 4:25:00 AM
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Latest Research
Breastfeeding now safer for infants of HIV-infected mothers
An antiretroviral drug already in widespread use in the developing world to prevent the transmission of HIV from infected mothers to their newborns during childbirth has also been found to substantially cut the risk of subsequent HIV transmission during breast-feeding.
Feb 5, 2008 - 8:30:00 PM
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Latest Research
Eltrombopag effective for hepatitis C patients with low blood-platelet counts
NEW YORK (Dec. 28, 2007) -- For patients with hepatitis C, having a low blood platelet count is a frequent complication associated with advanced disease. This problem is compounded by the fact that standard antiviral treatment for the disease can further reduce platelet numbers to dangerously low levels, effectively denying these patients the treatment they urgently need. Now, research published in the New England Journal of Medicine finds that a new drug, eltrombopag, appears to significantly boost platelet counts, opening the door to effective treatment.
Dec 28, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
2 genes are important key to regulating immune response
NEW YORK (Dec. 28, 2007) -- A research team at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City has identified two genes that may be crucial to the production of an immune system cytokine called interleukin-10 (IL-10).
Dec 28, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Dr. Lewis Drusin receives American College of Physicians James D. Bruce Memorial Award
NEW YORK (Dec. 19, 2007) -- In recognition of his distinguished contributions in preventive medicine, epidemiologist Dr. Lewis Drusin of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center has been selected by the American College of Physicians to receive the prestigious James D. Bruce Memorial Award, one of 17 awards in internal medicine for 2008.
Dec 19, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV's path out of Africa: Haiti, the US then the world
Oct 29, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV patients sicker when seeking care than in the past
It was hoped that as HIV treatment improved and as HIV-related public health initiatives encouraged people to be tested for the disease and seek care, that HIV-infected patients would seek care quickly. Unfortunately, a new study indicates that patients are actually sicker when they begin therapy. The study is published in the November 15 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, currently available online.
Oct 25, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Smoked cannabis proven effective in treating neuropathic pain
Smoked cannabis eased pain induced in healthy volunteers, according to a study by researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Center for Medical Cannabis Research (CMCR.) However, the researchers found that less may be more.
Oct 24, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Healthcare
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South Africa
XDR TB in South Africa traced to lack of drug susceptibility testing
In South Africa, the 2001 implementation of the World Health Organization�s anti-tuberculosis program may have inadvertently helped to create a new strain of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB). In a new study published in the December 1 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, currently available online, researchers tracked the developing drug resistance of one particular strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis over 12 years. They found that at the time of the 2001 adoption of the DOT+ strategy for multi-drug resistant strains, the strain was already resistant to one or more of the drugs mandated by that strategy, thus allowing the strain to survive and develop resistance to additional drugs.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Fight against HIV needs local scientists, say researchers
Scientists from developing countries are vitally important in the fight against HIV and they must be given the proper resources to conduct their work, according to a new commentary published today in the journal Nature Immunology.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Clues to ensuring anti-HIV drugs are taken in Africa
DURHAM, N.C. – HIV-infected patients in the African country of Tanzania were more likely to stop taking their medications and to fail treatment if they had to pay for the drugs themselves.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Improvement still needed in HIV testing in high-risk groups
DURHAM, N.C. – Since 2000, the rates of HIV testing have remained relatively low and constant in the United States, with about one third of Americans ever having had an HIV test, and less than a quarter of the people considered at high risk for contracting the virus that causes AIDS report having been tested in the past year.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
High-risk individuals less likely to follow through on HIV testing plans
One-fourth of individuals at high risk for contracting HIV report planning to be tested for the virus in the next year, but fewer appear to follow through on that intention than individuals who are at lower risk, according to a report in the October 22 issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV is spread most by people with medium levels of HIV in blood, says study
People with medium levels of HIV in their blood are likely to contribute most to the spread of the virus, according to new research published today in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
UF researchers track genetic journey of HIV from birth to death
GAINESVILLE, Fla. --- University of Florida scientists have discovered how HIV evolves over the course of a person’s lifetime into a more deadly form that heralds the onset of full-blown AIDS. The findings could pave the way for new therapeutic agents that target the virus earlier in the disease process, before it takes a lethal turn, researchers say.
Oct 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Darwin Symposium at Field Museum offers broad overview of his science and its impact
CHICAGO—World-class experts from the United States and Great Britain will speak at The Field Museum for a one-of-a-kind symposium on Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution, which continues to excite the world and direct scientific research 125 years after Darwin’s death.
Oct 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Lack of HIV prevention for male sex workers in the Caribbean could fuel AIDS epidemic
ANN ARBOR, Mich.---Male sex tourists, largely from the United States and Europe, may be fueling an HIV/AIDS epidemic in the Caribbean, and efforts to stop the epidemic will be severely hampered unless HIV prevention dollars are diverted to help male prostitutes, a new study suggests.
Oct 11, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Feline virus, antiviral drug studied to understand drug resistance
COLUMBUS , Ohio –Researchers at Ohio State will spend the next two years testing their theories about just how an AIDS-like virus in cats is able to resist the powerful medicines that are thrown against it.
Oct 10, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Stress contributes to range of chronic diseases, Carnegie Mellon psychologist says
PITTSBURGH -- In a review of the scientific literature on the relationship between stress and disease, Carnegie Mellon University psychologist Sheldon Cohen has found that stress is a contributing factor in human disease, and in particular depression, cardiovascular disease and HIV/AIDS. Cohen’s findings will be published in the Oct. 10 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). The article was co-authored by Denise Janicki-Deverts of Carnegie Mellon and Gregory E. Miller of the University of British Columbia.
Oct 9, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
NIH grant supports UCSF research exploring early HIV infection
A team led by researchers at the UCSF Positive Health Program has been named to receive $15 million over five years to expand understanding of the complex interactions between HIV and the immune systems of newly infected patients following HIV transmission.
Oct 8, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
How Candida albicans transforms from its normally benign form into life-threatening form
Researchers at the Agency for Science, Technology and Research's (A*STAR) Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB) have discovered new molecular mechanisms that provide a more detailed understanding of how the normally benign Dr. Jekyll-like fungus known as Candida albicans transforms into a serious and often life-threatening Mr. Hyde-like form.
Oct 4, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Second pathway behind HIV-associated immune system dysfunction identified
Researchers at the Partners AIDS Research Center at Massachusetts General Hospital (PARC-MGH) may have discovered a second molecular “switch” responsible for turning off the immune system’s response against HIV. Last year members of the same team identified a molecule called PD-1 that suppresses the activity of HIV-specific CD8 T cells that should destroy virus-infected cells. Now the researchers describe how a regulatory protein called CTLA-4 inhibits the action of HIV-specific CD4 T cells that control the overall response against the virus. The report will appear in the journal Nature Immunology and is receiving early online release.
Sep 30, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Pregnancy may slow -- not accelerate -- progression to AIDS
A new study may help put to rest fears that pregnancy accelerates progression to full-blown AIDS in women with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy. The study, published in the October 1st issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases and now available online, revealed that pregnancy may, in fact, slow disease progression in these women.
Sep 19, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
NIH selects Weill Cornell Medical College to lead new NYC translational research collaboration
NEW YORK (Sept. 18, 2007) -- Weill Cornell Medical College has been selected by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), to establish and lead a new Clinical and Translational Science Center (CTSC), creating an ambitious and innovative network for biomedical collaboration on New York's Upper East Side. The Center's goal is to facilitate new collaborative research studies that quickly and effectively result in new patient treatments and preventive interventions.
Sep 19, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
New antibiotic drug combo to speed up treatment of tuberculosis
A team of tuberculosis (TB) experts at Johns Hopkins and in Brazil have evidence that substituting the antibiotic moxifloxacin in the regimen of drugs used to treat the highly contagious form of lung disease could dramatically shorten the time needed to cure the illness from six months to four.
Sep 18, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Anthony S. Fauci awarded Lasker Award for Public Service
Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has been awarded the 2007 Mary Woodard Lasker Award for Public Service for his role in developing two major U.S. public health programs, in AIDS and biodefense. The award will be presented on Friday, September 28th during a luncheon ceremony in New York City.
Sep 18, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Global Health Project targets reducing AIDS among India's adolescents
Tampa, FL (Sept. 12, 2007) -- The University of South Florida’s global health initiative to help India build an infrastructure to fight AIDS has been strengthened with a $1.36-million research training grant from the National Institutes of Health.
Sep 12, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Personal chaos in HIV patients' lives may be a barrier to regular medical care, UCLA Study Shows
Unstable and unpredictable lifestyles are significant factors in determining access to health care among low-income HIV-positive people, a new UCLA study has found.
Sep 11, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Decline in blood platelet count associated with increased risk of HIV-related dementia
HIV patients with declining platelet counts appear to be at increased risk for HIV–associated dementia, according to a report in the September issue of Archives of Neurology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Sep 10, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Scripps Research scientists shed new light on how antibodies fight HIV
By furthering scientists’ understanding of the molecular mechanisms that separate the minority of successful HIV antibodies from the majority of ineffective antibodies, the work may have implications for future attempts to design an HIV vaccine.
Sep 6, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
SIV infection of natural hosts provides new insights into HIV disease complexity
Three related papers published in the Sept. 1 edition of The Journal of Immunology provide key new insights into the complexity of HIV/AIDS. Don Sodora, Ph.D., a principal investigator in SBRI’s Viral Vaccines Program who recently joined SBRI from the University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, is senior author on one of three papers that collectively show CD4 T-cell depletion, a critical symptom of AIDS, is likely a part of a multifaceted scenario that triggers disease rather than the only cause.
Sep 6, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
UCLA/RAND study shows that many children of HIV-positive parents are not in their custody
A new joint study by UCLA and the Rand Corp. shows that more than half of children with an HIV-infected parent are not consistently in that parent’s custody.
Sep 5, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Novel HIV vaccine created at The Wistar Institute funded for clinical development
(PHILADELPHIA) – A promising new HIV vaccine created at The Wistar Institute has received funding for clinical development aimed at moving the vaccine into human clinical trials as soon as possible.
Aug 31, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Pill box organizers increase HIV patients' adherence and improve viral suppression
Inexpensive pill box organizers are an easy, successful, and cost-effective tool to help patients take their medications as prescribed, according to a new study of low-income urban residents living with HIV infection by authors from the Berkeley School of Public Health and the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). The research is published in the Oct. 1 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, now available online.
Aug 30, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV research in sub-Saharan Africa receives major boost from Wellcome Trust
The Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, based in an area of South Africa where over one in five people are HIV infected, is to receive approximately £15 million over five years, subject to a three year review, from the Wellcome Trust, the UK's largest medical research charity. The Centre will use the funding to improve the health status of people in the area, with a particular focus on HIV infection.
Aug 29, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
High-risk behaviors could lead to HIV epidemic in Afghanistan
In a report that is among the first to describe the prevalence of HIV and Hepatitis B and C viruses in Afghanistan, a researcher from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine voiced concerns that increasing injection drug use and accompanying high-risk behavior could lead to an HIV epidemic in Afghanistan.
Aug 28, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Methamphetamine study suggests increased risk for HIV transmission
WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. – New findings that one in 20 North Carolina men who have sex with men (MSM) reported using crystal methamphetamine during the previous month suggests increased risk for spreading HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD), according to researchers from Wake Forest University School of Medicine and colleagues.
Aug 27, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Pitt's School of Medicine gets $16M for HIV structural biology center
PITTSBURGH, Aug. 27 – The National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced today that it is awarding the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine a $16 million, five-year grant to establish the Pittsburgh Center for HIV Protein Interactions (PCHPI). Research at the center will give scientists detailed new insights into the life of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, and have important implications for developing new drug targets.
Aug 27, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
IAVI, CDC and USMHRP release new data redefining laboratory reference ranges in Africa
(SEATTLE, August 21, 2007) Leading researchers from the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Military HIV Research Program (USMHRP) presented final results today from a collection of independent studies reexamining the medical criteria for including African volunteers in AIDS vaccine trials. The findings, presented at the AIDS Vaccine 2007 Conference in Seattle, suggest that many healthy Southern and East Africans have, in the past, been excluded from participating in trials based on laboratory reference ranges that were developed for Western populations and may not be appropriate locally. Implementation of the results of the studies should improve participation of African volunteers in clinical trials for new drugs and vaccines against emerging infectious diseases currently ravaging Africa, including AIDS, TB and malaria, and enable clinicians to better monitor and define adverse events in trials.
Aug 21, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
AIDS not the downfall of African families; MU study finds poverty is the prevailing issue
COLUMBIA, Mo. – The media’s message is clear: the AIDS epidemic will be the downfall of families in Africa. A new study by a University of Missouri-Columbia researcher calls that an overstatement. Her study shows that AIDS compounds the issue of poverty in households where poverty is already a prevailing issue, especially when a household loses its primary income earner to AIDS.
Aug 20, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Tumors use enzyme to recruit regulatory T-cells and suppress immune response
One way tumors fly under the radar of the immune system is by using IDO, an enzyme used by fetuses to help avoid rejection, to recruit powerful regulatory T cells that turn down the immune response, researchers say.
Aug 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
AIDS interferes with stem cells in the brain
(La Jolla, CA – August 15, 2007) A prominent problem in AIDS is a form of dementia that robs one’s ability to concentrate and perform normal movements. Scientists at the Burnham Institute for Medical Research (Burnham) have discovered how HIV/AIDS disrupts the normal replication of stem cells in the adult brain, preventing new nerve cells from forming. Drs. Stuart Lipton, Marcus Kaul, Shu-ichi Okamoto and their colleagues uncovered a novel molecular mechanism that inhibits stem cell proliferation and that could possibly be triggered in other neurodegenerative diseases as well. These findings were made available to medical researchers today through priority publication online by the journal Cell Stem Cell.
Aug 15, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
HIV is a 'double hit' to the brain
New evidence reported in the August issue of Cell Stem Cell, a publication of Cell Press, offers a novel perspective on how the HIV/AIDS virus leads to learning and memory deficits, a condition known as HIV-associated dementia. A protein found on the surface of the virus not only kills some mature brain cells, as earlier studies had shown, but it also prevents the birth of new brain cells by crippling “adult neural progenitors,” the new study finds. Those progenitor cells are the closest thing to stem cells that have been found in the adult brain.
Aug 15, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Features of replication suggest viruses have common themes, vulnerabilities
MADISON - A study of the reproductive apparatus of a model virus is bolstering the idea that broad classes of viruses - including those that cause important human diseases such as AIDS, SARS and hepatitis C - have features in common that could eventually make them vulnerable to broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
Aug 13, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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