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Last Updated: Mar 1, 2008 - 12:51:03 PM |
Latest Research
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Medicine
New algorithm based on procalcitonin for sepsis
Using a blood test and a decision algorithm, rather than standard hospital protocols, to determine the appropriate length of antibiotic therapy in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock can reduce duration of treatments, shorten ICU stays, and lower hospital costs— all without adverse effects on patients, according to new research.
Mar 1, 2008 - 4:07:46 AM
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Latest Research
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Medicine
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Respiratory Medicine
Obese children have respiratory problems during surgery
A new study from the University of Michigan Health System finds that obese children are much more likely than normal-weight children to have problems with airway obstruction and other breathing-related functions during surgery.
Feb 22, 2008 - 7:39:25 AM
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Latest Research
Study suggests new therapy for lung disease patients
CHICAGO -- A new study by researchers at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine may change current thinking about how best to treat patients in respiratory distress in hospital intensive care units.
Feb 8, 2008 - 4:10:00 AM
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Latest Research
New York Methodist Hospital to study airway bypass treatment for emphysema
Brooklyn, NY, February 4, 2007 -- New York Methodist Hospital today announced the start of the EASE (Exhale Airway Stents for Emphysema) Trial, an international, multi-center clinical trial to explore an investigational treatment that may offer a significant new, minimally-invasive option for those suffering with advanced widespread emphysema. The study focuses on a procedure called airway bypass that involves creating pathways in the lung for trapped air to escape and in turn, relieve emphysema symptoms including shortness of breath.
Feb 6, 2008 - 12:05:00 AM
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Latest Research
Naked mole-rats bear chili pepper heat
Pity the tiny naked mole-rat. The buck-toothed, sausage-like rodent lives by the hundreds in packed, oxygen-starved burrows some six feet under ground. It is even cold-blooded -- which, as far as we know, is unique among mammals.
Jan 28, 2008 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Pollution shrinks fetus size: Brisbane study finds
Exposure to air pollution significantly reduces foetus size during pregnancy, according to a new study by Brisbane scientists.
Jan 6, 2008 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
New drug targets may fight tuberculosis and other bacterial infections in novel way
NEW YORK (Dec. 27, 2007) -- Over the course of the 20th Century, doctors waged war against infectious bacterial illness with the best new weapon they had: antibiotics.
Dec 27, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
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Medicine
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Respiratory Medicine
Short sleep times in patients with chronic medical diagnoses associated with obesity
A study published in the December 15 issue of the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM) demonstrates an association between short sleep times and obesity in patients with chronic medical problems.
Dec 16, 2007 - 10:09:26 AM
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Latest Research
New UIC center to study end-of-life transition
The University of Illinois at Chicago College of Nursing has received a federal grant to create a center to study people as they transition to the end of life.
Dec 13, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Dr. Nicholas Schiff receives research award for Innovation in Neuroscience
NEW YORK (Dec. 13, 2007) -- A leading authority on neurological disorders of consciousness, Dr. Nicholas Schiff of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City has received a prestigious Research Award for Innovation in Neuroscience from the Society for Neuroscience, the world's largest organization of physicians and scientists who study the brain and nervous system.
Dec 13, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Exercise testing may help predict seriousness of mitral regurgitation
NEW YORK (Dec. 11, 2007) -- In as many as one in five people over age 55, when the heart contracts to send blood around the body, some degree of backward leakage occurs across the mitral valve, a condition known as mitral regurgitation (MR). When sufficiently severe, MR causes buildup of blood in the lungs, leading to difficulty in breathing (dyspnea, or shortness of breath), a serious condition called congestive heart failure. MR also can cause heart rhythm irregularities (arrhythmias) such as atrial fibrillation, which can lead to strokes and other problems, and ventricular tachycardia, which can cause sudden death.
Dec 11, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Aging with GRACE: Improving health care for older adults
INDIANAPOLIS - Most older adults obtain their health care in the offices of busy primary care physicians or, in the case of those without physicians, in even busier hospital emergency departments. In either location, seniors often don't receive the recommended care for preventive services, chronic disease management and geriatric syndromes. A study published in the December 12 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association reports on GRACE, the largest randomized clinical trial of a health system and home-based geriatrics care concept designed to improve health care for community-dwelling low-income older adults.
Dec 11, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysms in women may save lives
NEW YORK (Nov. 9, 2007) -- In 9 out of 10 cases, a burst abdominal aortic artery is quickly fatal for its most common victim: elderly males. A new study -- the largest yet performed -- now confirms that women over 65 with a history of smoking or heart disease are also at high risk for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) -- supporting the notion that they should also receive ultrasound screening to help spot and correct the dangerous condition.
Nov 9, 2007 - 5:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Triage study challenges notions of emergency medical response to disaster
NEW YORK (Oct. 31, 2007) -- In the face of terrorism and catastrophic natural disasters, modern regional trauma systems that improve survival for critically injured patients are more vital than ever.
Nov 1, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Imaging shows structural changes in mild traumatic brain injury
Researchers report that diffusion tensor imaging can identify structural changes in the white matter of the brain that correlates to cognitive deficits even in patients with mild traumatic brain injury.
Oct 25, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
An eye for an eye: using stem cells to treat damaged eyes and a rare skin disorder
Doctors and scientists in Italy have shown how stem cells can be used to treat damaged eyes and, in combination with gene therapy, a rare and debilitating skin disease.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
From terror to joy: faced with death, our minds turn to happier thoughts
Philosophers and scientists have long been interested in how the mind processes the inevitability of death, both cognitively and emotionally. One would expect, for example, that reminders of our mortality--say the sudden death of a loved one--would throw us into a state of disabling fear of the unknown. But that doesn't happen. If the prospect of death is so incomprehensible, why are we not trembling in a constant state of terror over this fact?
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Kaiser Permanente study shows electronic medical records and outreach improve osteoporosis care
October 22, 2007 (Oakland, CA) –Electronic medical records and outreach programs of e-mail messages, letters and phone calls to patients and their primary care providers after a bone fracture can dramatically improve the diagnosis and management of the patients’ osteoporosis, according to a Kaiser Permanente study in the September issue of the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. This is the largest study to show that electronic medical records improve the continuity of care for osteoporosis.
Oct 22, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
MacArthur commits $11 million to further UCSF work in maternal safety
The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation has promised $10.75 million to extend a ground-breaking UCSF project to help combat maternal mortality in Nigeria and India – two countries that comprise one-third of all maternal deaths worldwide.
Oct 19, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Septic survival
While survival rates for sepsis have increased over the past two decades, children under four and those in adolescence remain highly susceptible to the condition. Researchers in The Netherlands have now demonstrated that age and to a lesser extent, gender, are critical factors in whether or not a child sufferer will develop a more severe disease state and survive or not. These findings could help to improve the treatment of sepsis and improve survival rates further still.
Oct 17, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Study shows reducing class size may be more cost-effective than most medical interventions
October 16, 2007 -- Reducing the number of students per classroom in U.S. primary schools may be more cost-effective than most public health and medical interventions, according to a study by researchers at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and the Virginia Commonwealth University. The study indicates that class-size reductions would generate more quality-adjusted life-year gains per dollar invested than the majority of medical interventions. The findings will be published in the November issue of the American Journal of Public Health.
Oct 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Severely mentally ill at high risk for cardiovascular disease
St. Louis, Oct. 15, 2007 — A psychiatrist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis writes in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) that although mortality from cardiovascular disease has declined in the United States over the past several decades, patients with severe psychiatric illness are not enjoying the benefits of that progress.
Oct 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
UCSD findings could lead to new therapy for spinal cord injury-induced spasticity and rigidity
Research led by scientists at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine has identified a target with potential as an effective new therapy for chronic spasticity and rigidity, a painful condition that often results from spinal cord injury.
Oct 16, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
AFAR/Ellison Medical Foundation increase commitment to scientists studying aging
New York, October 11, 2007 - At a time when established scientists are leaving academia because of a lack of funding for biomedical research and a potential new generation of scientists are considering whether to even enter a field with a competitive funding environment, the Ellison Medical Foundation in partnership with the American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR), has increased funding for two critical grant programs: the new Ellison Medical Foundation/AFAR Postdoctoral Fellows in Aging Research Program and the Julie Martin Mid-Career Awards in Aging Research.
Oct 12, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
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Medicine
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Respiratory Medicine
Strong link between air pollution and acute bronchitis diagnoses in preschool-aged children
In one of the first studies to examine air pollution in relation to infant and early childhood health, a UC Davis researcher has discovered a strong link between exposure to components of air pollution and acute bronchitis diagnoses in preschool-aged children. Those components – polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs – contribute to air pollution from a variety of sources, including coal burning, vehicle exhaust, wood-burning stoves, tobacco smoke and grilling food
Oct 11, 2007 - 3:06:05 PM
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Latest Research
Prostate cancer increases hip fracture risk by eight times in 50 to 65 year-olds
Men who have prostate cancer are on average four times more likely to suffer a hip fracture, with rates rising to eight times in men aged 50 to 65, according to a study of more than 60,000 men published in the October issue of the urology journal BJU International.
Oct 11, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Virtual game helps children escape realities of burn unit
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- Nurses and physicians at Nationwide Children’s Hospital are using the latest technology to help young burn victims endure the extreme pain of dressing changes and wound care. Instead of traditional distraction devices, such as books and music, Nationwide Children’s Hospital Burn Center is now using virtual reality games to distract patients while nurses attend to the patients’ burn wounds.
Oct 8, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
New telomere discovery could help explain why cancer cells never stop dividing
Lausanne, Switzerland, October 4, 2007 – A group working at the Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) in collaboration with the University of Pavia has discovered that telomeres, the repeated DNA-protein complexes at the end of chromosomes that progressively shorten every time a cell divides, also contain RNA. This discovery, published online October 4 in Science Express, calls into question our understanding of how telomeres function, and may provide a new avenue of attack for stopping telomere renewal in cancer cells.
Oct 4, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
UT Southwestern investigating hypothermic technique in treating pediatric head injuries
DALLAS – Oct. 3, 2007 – UT Southwestern Medical Center has been selected to take part in an $11.5 million multicenter clinical trial that is examining the effectiveness of induced hypothermia as a therapy for brain swelling in children who have suffered severe traumatic brain injuries.
Oct 3, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Researchers: No faking it, crocodile tears are real
GAINESVILLE, Fla. — When someone feigns sadness they “cry crocodile tears,” a phrase that comes from an old myth that the animals cry while eating.
Oct 3, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
War more traumatic than tsunami
The long-running civil war in Sri Lanka is causing more mental health problems and social breakdown than the catastrophic 2004 tsunami, according to research published in the online open access publication International Journal of Mental Health Systems.
Oct 3, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Linking cigarette smoke and obesity: What our genes and environmental factors tell us
RICHLAND, Wash. – Identifying biomarkers for the key environmental risk factors responsible for two diseases that significantly contribute to death and disease of hundreds of thousands annually will be the initial focus of a new center being established at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL will house the Center for Novel Biomarkers of Response, made possible by a $5.9 million grant recently awarded by the National Institutes of Health’s Gene and Environment Initiative.
Oct 3, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
FDA approves knee-injury device for humans
COLUMBIA, Mo. – A new knee-surgery device investigated by University of Missouri-Columbia researchers that will help to repair meniscus tears, which were previously defined as irreparable, has been approved by the FDA for use in humans.
Oct 2, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Acute lung injury patients one-third less likely to die in 'closed' model ICUs
Patients with acute lung injury (ALI) are nearly one-third less likely to die if they are treated at ICUs that require board-certified critical care physicians to oversee patient care, as compared to patients treated at ICUs that allow any attending physician to oversee admission and case management.
Sep 28, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Center gets national funding for child trauma research
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has awarded a four-year $1.6 million grant to the newly established University of Kentucky Center for the Study of Violence Against Children (CSVAC). The grant, one of only 10 being presented across the nation, is going to organizations helping children and adolescents deal with traumatic experiences.
Sep 28, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
High school footballers wearing special helmets to monitor brain injuries
As they root for the home team from the bleachers this fall, high school gridiron fans in the small Illinois town of Tolono don’t necessarily see anything out of the ordinary down on the field.
Sep 27, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Genes linked to suicidal thinking during antidepressant treatment
Specific variations in two genes are linked to suicidal thinking that sometimes occurs in people taking the most commonly prescribed class of antidepressants, according to a large study led by scientists at the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Depending on the particular mix inherited, these versions increased the likelihood of such thoughts from 2- to15-fold, the study found. About 1 percent of adult patients were deemed to be at high genetic risk, 41 percent at elevated risk and 58 percent at lower risk.
Sep 27, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Climate may increase heat-related deaths by 2050s, says Mailman School of PH study
While some uncertainty does exist in climate projections and future health vulnerability, overall increases in heat-related premature mortality are likely by the 2050s, according to a recent study by Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health and soon to be published in the November 2007 issue of the American Journal of Public Health. In metropolitan New York, researchers estimate a 47 percent to 95 percent increase in summer heat-related deaths when compared to the 1990s.
Sep 27, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Married esophageal cancer patients fare worse in some quality of life aspects than single patients
Barcelona, Spain: In a surprising finding, American scientists have found that when battling oesophageal cancer, married patients don’t fare as well as their single counterparts in certain aspects of their quality of life.
Sep 26, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
New type of drug shows promise in attacking melanoma in an innovative way
Barcelona, Spain: An experimental drug that attacks cancer in an entirely new way has shown promise in treating advanced melanoma, delaying progression of the disease and prolonging the lives of patients.
Sep 26, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Study finds post-traumatic stress symptoms in adolescent children of cancer patients
Barcelona, Spain: A new study by Dutch researchers has found that adolescents may suffer from severe symptoms of post-traumatic stress when a parent is recently diagnosed with cancer and that parents tend to underestimate the problems.
Sep 26, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Under-used colon cancer screening test is effective
Oakland CA -- An under-used colon cancer screening test now available in the U.S. effectively detects colorectal cancer and may help to improve colon cancer screening rates, according to investigators at the Kaiser Permanente Division of Research. The study appears in the September 25, 2007 issue of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (JNCI).
Sep 25, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Rehabilitation significantly underused after heart attack and bypass surgery
Waltham, MA — Despite strong evidence that cardiac rehabilitation reduces disability and prolongs life, fewer than one in five people receive rehabilitation services after a heart attack or coronary bypass surgery, according to a Brandeis study in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.
Sep 25, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Researchers say lack of sleep doubles risk of death... but so can too much sleep
Researchers from the University of Warwick, and University College London, have found that lack of sleep can more than double the risk of death from cardiovascular disease. However they have also found that point comes when too much sleep can also more than double the risk of death.
Sep 24, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Key to longer life lies in just 14 brain cells
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] -- Two years ago, Brown University researchers discovered something startling: Decrease the activity of the cancer-suppressing protein p53 and you can make fruit flies live significantly longer.
Sep 20, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Murder mystery solved
CHICAGO --- It was a murder mystery playing out in major cities across the country and perplexing scientists. Thousands of people were dying from strokes and heart attacks within 24 hours of a spike in microscopic pollution -- tiny particles that spew from the exhaust of diesel trucks, buses and coal-burning factories.
Sep 20, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Hebrew SeniorLife researchers search for aging, osteoporosis genes
(Boston, Mass.) – Researchers at Hebrew SeniorLife’s Institute for Aging Research (IFAR) have examined close to 100,000 genetic markers for low bone mass and aging to help determine which genes are responsible for the development of osteoporosis and longevity.
Sep 19, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Bright tumors, dim prospects
Sept. 13, 2007 -- It doesn't matter how small or large it is, if a cervical tumor glows brightly in a PET scan, it's apt to be more dangerous than dimmer tumors. That's the conclusion of a new study of cervical cancer patients at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
Sep 13, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Nicotine may accelerate atherosclerosis, may be as dangerous as tar
NEW YORK (Sept. 10, 2007) -- It's well known that smoking cigarettes increases risk for a host of serious health problems from cancer to heart disease. Now a new study from Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City looks at how they do their dirty work by contributing to atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries. The evidence points to nicotine, the addictive chemical in cigarettes.
Sep 12, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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Latest Research
Preventing or reducing enlarged heart decreases risk of heart failure
NEW YORK (Sept. 10, 2007) -- For high-blood-pressure patients, preventing or reducing enlarged heart (left ventricular hypertrophy or LVH) reduces risk of heart failure. The study is published in the Sept. 4 Annals of Internal Medicine and led by physician-scientists at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City.
Sep 12, 2007 - 4:00:00 AM
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